Vacuum drying is that the mass transfer operation during which the moisture present in a substance, typically a wet solid, is removed by means of making a vacuum. In chemical process industries like food process, pharmacology, agriculture, and textiles, drying is an important unit operation to get rid of moisture. Vacuum drying is usually used for the drying of substances that are hygroscopic and heat sensitive, and relies on the principle of making a vacuum to decrease the chamber pressure below the pressure level of the water, causing it to boil. With the assistance of vacuum pumps, the pressure is reduced around the substance to be dried. This decreases the boiling point of water within that product and thereby will increase the speed of evaporation considerably. The vacuum drying method may be a batch operation performed at reduced pressures and lower relative humidity compared to close pressure, enabling quicker drying. The drying kinetics and drying efficiency of vacuum dry